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THE BASICS OF DRAG RACING
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DB01
THE THREE IMPORTANT TIMES RECORDED DURING A RUN
DB02
REACTION TIMES
DB03
STAGING
DB04
OFFICIAL QUALIFYING
DB05
NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP DRAG RACING CATEGORIES
DB06
MSA LICENCE
DB07
DRIVER'S BRIEFING
DB08
CONDUCT
DB09
FAMILY AND FRIENDS
DB10
DIAL-INS (HANDICAP)
DB11
WHY ONE COMPETITOR LEAVES THE START LINE BEFORE ANOTHER
DB12
PENALTIES
DB13
THE TIMING EQUIPMENT
 
ARTICLE
DB01: THERE ARE THREE IMPORTANT TIMES RECORDED DURING A RUN
1.1 REACTION TIME:
This is the time recorded as the green light is activated and the wheels of the vehicle move out of the stage beam. Reaction times are vital as these are what competitors have at their disposal to win a race. (See Fig.1)
1.2 ELAPSED TIME:
E.T. stands for Elapsed Time and it records the time as the front wheels of the vehicle move out of the stage beam, to when it cuts the finish line beam at the end of the quarter mile. (See Fig.1)
1.3 SPEED (KPH)
The third of course, is the terminal speed.
DB02: REACTION TIMES
2.1 REACTION TIMES ARE VITAL
Reaction times are vital as they are what competitors have at their disposal to win a race. The reaction time is recorded when the green light is activated to when the front wheels leave the "STAGE" beam. Comments have been received about slower cars always seeming to win. Whether a competitor is competing in handicap or heads-up racing, the quickest is not necessarily the winner. That is why "reaction times" are so important. A competitor may lose, regardless of whether his/her E.T. (Elapsed Time) was good. If the initial "reaction time" was loose, he/she could well lost the race. The faster the "reaction time", the more chance a competitor has of winning.
2.1.1 Why is a Reaction Time Important?

Reaction Times have nothing to do with Elapsed Times (E.T.'s). The Reaction Time is measured before the Elapsed Time counter starts. It should be stated that racing is first and foremost about who crosses the finish line first, irrespective of how quick you were getting there. In order for any system to accurately determine a winner, it uses the "reaction time" and the "elapsed time" to calculate the "overall time". The "overall time" is calculated by adding the "reaction time" to the "elapsed time." If two competitors race, the one with the lowest "overall time" is the one that crossed the finish line first.

In (Fig.2 below), lets assume that we have two vehicles running identical elapsed times of 13.100 seconds, however, this doesn't necessarily mean that they both crossed the line in an identical fashion. The competitor who had the quickest reaction time (Competitor 2) will win as his vehicle moved out of the stage beam before the other (Competitor 1). Remember that the elapsed time only commences when the vehicles move and NOT when the green light goes on. The overall time of Competitor 2 is less than the overall time of Competitor 1.

     
In Fig.3 above, Competitor 1 is the winner even with a slower reaction because his "OVERALL TIME" was less than Competitor 2. The difference in Elapsed Times superseded the difference in reaction time.

In Fig.4 above, Competitor 2 is the winner even with a slower elapsed time because his "OVERALL TIME" was less than Competitor 1. The difference in reaction time superseded the difference in elapsed time. This is one of the most confusing things to competitors and spectators alike, unless they understand completely how "reaction time" and "elapsed time" work.

 
2.2 HOW DO I GET A "GOOD" REACTION TIME
A perfect reaction time is 0.000 seconds. A good reaction time in real drag racing terms is between 0.000 and 0.100; the closer to 0.000 the better. Following on from the sections on "STAGING" and the "CHRISTMAS TREE", "How to get a good reaction time", can now be explained.

A good reaction time is achieved by the driver's reaction to the Amber light signal and also the vehicle reaction to the accelerator. Any good drag racer won't wait for the green light to go on before reacting. This is why we have Amber Lights activating before the Green. The Amber lights are warning the driver that the green light will be activated at any moment; usual 0.4 seconds.

The driver should leave while the yellow light is still on as there is the "ROLLOUT" distance on the "STAGE" beam and the time for the vehicle to react after the driver has pushed the accelerator.

Frankly, if racing was all about fast cars, then why run the risk of putting two competitors up against each other, or more for that matter when you consider other forms of motorsport, athletics or even horse racing. If it was all about fast cars, then a single lane strip would suffice, where competitors could run time trials or top speed runs and not drag race two cars/bikes against each other to see who could cross the finish line first. In the professional categories running in the American NHRA drag series it is not the quickest or fastest car that usually wins but the driver with the best reaction time that supersedes his slower E.T. from that of his opponent. If a competitor is slipping and sliding or spinning his rear tires from overpowering, or incorrect clutch set-up, it follows that because he didn't adapt to the track conditions correctly, he will be eliminated from the competition. Any track must have reaction times in order to make it fair to all competitors.

DB03: STAGING
3.1 STAGING
All vehicles must stage on the front wheels, not the rear. Once a vehicle reaches the front of the staging lanes for a run, it must be prepared to fire and race. A vehicle must start and self-stage. It is not permitted to push start or push stage a vehicle. Please watch your own lane lights and not those of the opposition. Once the staging lights are activated, should a competitor roll forwards, he/she will receive a Red Light, which is considered a serious infraction. The same applies if a competitor rolls backwards. Once staged, it is vitally important that competitors remain absolutely still until the Green Light is displayed. If a Red Light is received, the competitor, albeit disqualified, must finish the race. There are no recalls on Red Lights.
3.1.1 What is Staging
In order to run a fair drag race using electronic timing equipment, both competitors must start from exactly the same position in each lane. This position is called the "STAGE" beam. The front wheels of the vehicle activate the "STAGE" beam. By moving into the beam and breaking it with the wheels, it activates the "STAGE" light on the Christmas tree. When a vehicle is in STAGE, the vehicle must stand still until the tree is activated to start the race.
3.1.2 Activating "Pre-Stage"
3.1.2 Prior to activating the "STAGE" beam, competitors need to activate a "PRE-STAGE" beam. "PRE-STAGE" is an indication to the competitor that he is very near to the "STAGE" beam. Each of the beams has a certain amount of "ROLLOUT". "ROLLOUT" is the distance that the wheel is closing in on the beam. The "ROLLOUT" distance can vary slightly from track to track. It is approximately 10" (250mm) long when measured with a 22" diameter wheel.
3.1.3 How to Stage
When the vehicle moves forward and breaks the "PRE-STAGE" beam, the light will activate on the Christmas tree. The driver should then stop and slowly move forward until the "STAGE light is also activated. At this point, both lights ("PRE-STAGE" AND "STAGE") are lit. The driver can now remain in this position or move forward until the "PRE-STAGE" light goes out and only the "STAGE" light is on. With only the "STAGE" light on, it means that the wheel has already covered approximately 1/3 of the "ROLLOUT" distance of "STAGE", in other words, the "ROLLOUT" is now reduced to approximately 6"-7" (150mm-175mm). In most cases, competitors leave both lights on. With both lights on, it is called "SHALLOW STAGE". With one light on, it is called "DEEP STAGE". This "ROLLOUT" distance plays a vital roll in the reaction time as well as red lighting.
DB04: OFFICIAL QUALIFYING
Events will commence with a few practice rounds in order to test engine performance, traction, wind sheer, etc, after which Official Qualifying will commence. OQ comprises two rounds, during which competitors have two chances to pump up their performances before main racing. Any competitor who fails to do at least one qualifying run, will not be included in the main eliminations. Competitors who red light during this section of the event, still qualify for main eliminations! Qualifying is purely to establish what times your vehicle is capable of running in order to set a dial-in time for main racing.
DB05: NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP DRAG RACING CATEGORIES
Interpretation of regulations and specifications
In interpreting motorsport regulations and specifications "what is not specifically permitted is disallowed" is the normal concept in keeping with the French regulations on which all motor sporting regulations are based.
5.1
The MSA National Drag Racing Championships for cars and motorcycles will consist of 6 rounds, with all events to count, subject to meeting the minimum requirements.
5.2
The following are categories for National Championship events to be held at venues graded and approved for National Championship events. Some categories may only be run at venues suitable for the high speeds reached by some vehicles, i.e. Top Eliminator and Senior Eliminator.
5.3
These categories are determined from the performance level of individual classes and also the types of vehicles competing against each other.
5.4
Each venue hosting events for National Championships, must have timing equipment suitable for handicap racing in order for these categories to work.
5.5
THE CATEGORIES FOR DRAG RACING ARE AS FOLLOWS: [CLICK HERE]
5.6

The following categories will be recognised as National Championship categories for 2006:
CARS: Top Eliminator category / Senior Eliminator category / Competition Eliminator category. MOTORCYCLES: SBS category / SB category / S category

5.7
MINIMUM NUMBER OF STARTERS:

With reference to GCR 230 of the MSA handbook the following criteria will apply in respect of the 6 National Championship categories. CARS: 04 starters - Top Eliminator category / 10 starters - Senior Eliminator category / 10 starters - Competition Eliminator category / MOTORCYCLES: 08 starters - SBS / 12 starters - SB / 12 starters - S

5.8
The minimum number of starters, at the end of the National Championship, will be based
on the average entries during all the rounds of the championship. To declare champions in the motorcycle categories, the average minimum number of starters as per 5.7 will apply.
5.9
To be classified as a starter, the competitor must have entered and passed scrutineering.
DB06: MSA LICENCE
All competitors must be in possession of a valid Drag Racing Licence issued by Motorsport SA [MSA]. This licence must be produced during documentation to the race secretary of the meeting. All competitors under 21 years of age must have their Drag Racing Licence application forms countersigned by a parent or legal guardian, who must also approve and countersign their competition entry form.
DB07: DRIVER'S BRIEFING
When called for, it is compulsory for all competitors to attend a Driver's Briefing. Failure to do so may lead to exclusion from competition, the day's racing or a points penalty as determined by the Clerk of the Course.
DB08: CONDUCT
All competitors plus crew are to conduct themselves in an orderly manner. Any disorderly conduct or failure to obey official instructions or any breach of these regulations by entrants or their assistants, shall make the entrant concerned liable to a penalty and/or fine. If the offence occurs during a race, the entrant will face disqualification.
DB09: FAMILY AND FRIENDS
Family and friends are not permitted on the start-line. This area is restricted! The only people allowed to be on the start line are competitors, crew and start line marshals. Remember that every time the track is closed, it delays proceedings that aggravate the organisers, competitors and public who are there to watch the racing.
DB10: DIAL-INS (HANDICAP)
Each driver nominates his own handicap or dial-in time. However, no driver / rider may dial-in slower than his / her quickest qualifying time of the day. This is usually done by making two runs during official qualifying to see how slippery or sticky the track surface is at the start line and to see how much power the engine is pumping. Suppose a competitor runs a 14.4 and 14.2, knowing that if he beats his "Nominated Time" or "Handicap Time" even by one thousandth of a second, he will be disqualified. It would be stupid to dial in at 14.4. It would be just as dangerous to dial in at 14.2 because any improvement in the conditions such as traction, wind, temperature or engine power could result in a better run being recorded, and disqualification. So the safe thing to do is to give himself a safety margin of approximately one tenth of a second (depending on what type of vehicle and / or driver consistency, and / or track conditions, and / or vehicle consistency). Therefore nominate 14.2 less 0.1 = 14.1 seconds as a "Dial-in" time.
DB11: WHY ONE COMPETITOR LEAVES THE START LINE BEFORE ANOTHER
Let's say one competitor dialed in a 12.2, the other a 14.2. If they are matched against each other, the slower competitor will get a two second head start. This is built into the control of the Christmas tree by the Control Tower officials. If they each run according to their dial-in times, there should be a dead heat at the end. This of course, rarely happens as one competitor could go faster than his handicap and get disqualified, or one launches too early and receives a Red Light, or one has a better reaction time than his opponent.
DB12: PENALTIES
A competitor may be disqualified for:
12.1
Failing to report to the start line on time.
12.2
Crossing the centre line.
12.3
A Red light Start
12.4
Breaking out of his bracket
12.5
Failure to attend Driver's Briefing
12.6
Depositing foreign matter including debris or oil onto the strip or staging lanes, except in the case where an accident has occurred.
12.7
Unsportsmanly behaviour.
12.8
Behaviour that causes a safety hazard to other competitors and/or spectators.
12.9
Driving dangerously. (This includes crew vehicles).
12.10
Driving excessively fast on the 'return road'.
12.11
Being suspected or seen to be consuming alcohol, regardless of the amount.
12.12
Behaving in a manner that could prejudice MSA.
12.13
Disregarding a specific instruction from an official.
DB13: THE TIMING EQUIPMENT
13.1
This has been constructed to ensure reaction and elapsed times to a thousandth of a second and terminal speed to a tenth of a KPH. The start will be by light sequence provided by Christmas tree format with the following specifications:
13.2
Approach, pre-stage and track lights are controlled by the vehicle. Once in stage, a clearly displayed Countdown Board; fitted to the Control Tower Computer, will start running down from 30 seconds. If the countdown has begun and the adjacent lane has not staged, the sequence lights will commence running down. The standard sequence will be 3 AMBER LIGHTS with a minimum time between lights of 0.4 of a second. GREEN IS FOR GO! A Red light is caused by either rolling forwards or backwards from stage during the sequence lights. This is referred to as "Amber Gambling", i.e. trying to leave the line too early. However, when a Red Light is displayed, the run must be completed. THERE IS NO RECALL ON RED LIGHTS.
NOTE:
Drag Racing Rules (NHRA and International) do not permit rolling starts. To lay claim to any recorded time, the organiser(s) must comply with NHRA rules.